Humane Orientation: The degree to which a collective encourages and rewards individuals for being fair, altruistic, generous, caring, and kind to others. Japan, along with China and Arab countries, is a high-context culture. Cultural sociologists tend to reject scientific methods, instead hermeneutically focusing on words, artifacts and symbols. All answer choices are communication technologies being used by companies today. The concept of material culture covers the physical expressions of culture, such as technology, architecture and art, whereas the immaterial aspects of culture such as principles of social organization (including practices of political organization and social institutions), mythology, philosophy, literature (both written and oral), and science comprise the intangible cultural heritage of a society.[5]. [28] As these forms were associated with urban life, "culture" was identified with "civilization" (from Latin: civitas, lit. culture? a. All are benefits of a diverse work environment. tolerance Norway Experts are tested by Chegg as specialists in their subject area. a. Every social organization has its prototype in the family. Employees in today's workforce must learn to write only e-mails effectively. Recruiters often rank communication skills as the highest skill set sought by employers. When speaking with someone for whom English is a second language, you should talk slowly, enunciate clearly, check frequently for comprehension, observe eye messages, listen without interrupting, and. Will the audience listen to me? b. Culture is shaped by attitudes learned in adulthood. McClenon, James. Roger OKeefe, Camille Pron, Tofig Musayev, Gianluca Ferrari "Protection of Cultural Property. 36. This strain of thinking has some influence from the Frankfurt School, but especially from the structuralist Marxism of Louis Althusser and others. They build on findings by Hofstede (1980), Schwartz (1994), Smith (1995), Inglehart (1997), and others. Which of the following countries would likely view a business contract as a binding document? They also depend little on the context of a situation to convey their meaning. This website helped me pass! Matthew Arnold contrasted "culture" with anarchy; other Europeans, following philosophers Thomas Hobbes and Jean-Jacques Rousseau, contrasted "culture" with "the state of nature." Benevolence has little or no significance; Much value is associated with mastery of people, nature, job, and the like; Sense of humor, intelligence, affection, personality are considered preferred characteristic traits of a boyfriend by the women; Understanding, wealth, and health are considered desirable characteristic traits of a husband by the women. d. (d) Canada These social shifts may accompany ideological shifts and other types of cultural change. We will look at how the countrys culture compares to other high context cultures, interviews with people experienced in the countrys culture, analysis of the countrys language, the role of family and community, and the impact of globalization. They criticize the Marxist assumption of a single, dominant meaning, shared by all, for any cultural product. Such perspectives are common in the discipline of cultural studies. [14] In this context, modernization could be viewed as adoption of Enlightenment era beliefs and practices, such as science, rationalism, industry, commerce, democracy, and the notion of progress. As a result, employers need employees who can write because today's digital media requires more written communication than ever. This culture or common heritage has nothing to do with a common gene pool, formal education, or laws. For example, the language is highly contextual, with meanings often dependent on the context in which it is used. Communications 256: Intercultural Communication, { "00:_Front_Matter" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "1.01:_Foundations_of_Culture" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "1.02:_Understanding_Cultural_Identity" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "1.03:_Social_Construction_of_Cultural_Identity" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "1.04:_Cultural_Biases" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "1.05:_Taxonomies_of_Cultural_Patterns" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "1.06:_Understanding_Intercultural_Communication" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "1.07:_Intercultural_Communication_Competence" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "1.08:_Striving_for_Engaged_and_Effective_Intercultural_Communication" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "zz:_Back_Matter" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()" }, { "00:_Front_Matter" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "01:_Chapters" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "zz:_Back_Matter" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()" }, [ "article:topic", "license:ccby", "authorname:tsrice", "program:ztccoc" ], https://socialsci.libretexts.org/@app/auth/3/login?returnto=https%3A%2F%2Fsocialsci.libretexts.org%2FBookshelves%2FCommunication%2FIntercultural_Communication%2FCommunications_256%253A_Intercultural_Communication%2F01%253A_Chapters%2F1.05%253A_Taxonomies_of_Cultural_Patterns, \( \newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}}}\) \( \newcommand{\vecd}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash{#1}}} \)\(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)\(\newcommand{\AA}{\unicode[.8,0]{x212B}}\), 1.6: Understanding Intercultural Communication, Halls High-Low Context Cultural Taxonomy, Communication Dynamics in High- and Low-Context Cultures, Hofstedes Dimensions and Understanding Countries, Culture and People, https://www.cleverism.com/understanding-cultures-people-hofstede-dimensions/, http://tevinsic.blogspot.com/2012/03/cultural-patterns-and-communication_02.html, https://www.inspireimagineinnovate.com/pdf/globesummary-by-michael-h-hoppe.pdf, College of the Canyons - Zero Textbook Cost Program. Social media offers very little potential for intercultural engagement. His use, and that of many writers after him, "refers to all the ways in which human beings overcome their original barbarism, and through artifice, become fully human. Which statement about the effect of social media and communication technology on culture is most accurate? High-context cultures also value group harmony above individual achievement. It also studies the meanings and uses people attribute to various objects and practices. For example, Western restaurant chains and culinary brands sparked curiosity and fascination to the Chinese as China opened its economy to international trade in the late 20th-century. Experiencing fewer discrimination lawsuits, fewer union clashes, and less government regulatory action c.Ethnocentrism causes us to judge others by our own values. Japan Which of the following is a common trait of a business communicator from a low-context culture? Which of the following countries would be considered individualistic cultures: Which of the following countries would be considered low-context cultures: The degree to which members of a culture feel threatened by ambiguous . Behavior as per social norms that are established for maintenance of social harmony among in-group members; Considering the wider collective with regards to implications of their actions; Sharing of resources and readiness to give up personal interest keeping in mind the collective interest; Favoring some in-groups (such as friends and family); Being a part of a few in-groups that have an influence on their lives. [64] Culture is important for psychologists to consider when understanding the human mental operation. Another individual, a Japanese-American business executive, described the culture as one that values relationships over transactions. "[30] According to this way of thinking, one could classify some countries and nations as more civilized than others and some people as more cultured than others. In diffusion, the form of something (though not necessarily its meaning) moves from one culture to another. Additionally, Japan has a stronger emphasis on hierarchy, with hierarchical relationships being deeply embedded in the culture. d. Martin Lindstrom asserts that Kulturbrille, which allow a person to make sense of the culture they inhabit, "can blind us to things outsiders pick up immediately."[38]. Which of the following countries represents a high-context culture? To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. This is in direct contrast to low-context cultures, in which information is communicated primarily through language and rules are explicitly spelled out. However, the concept may also apply to corporations, professions and other cultural groups, as well as to settings such as online and offline communication. They saw patterns of consumption and leisure as determined by relations of production, which led them to focus on class relations and the organization of production.[43][44]. d. and how much they try to avoid them is known as: ______ b. In the United Kingdom, cultural studies focuses largely on the study of popular culture; that is, on the social meanings of mass-produced consumer and leisure goods. This contrast led to Herbert Spencer's theory of Social Darwinism and Lewis Henry Morgan's theory of cultural evolution. This included overtly political, left-wing views, and criticisms of popular culture as "capitalist" mass culture; it absorbed some of the ideas of the Frankfurt School critique of the "culture industry" (i.e. [34][35][36][37] The term Kulturbrille, or "culture glasses," coined by German American anthropologist Franz Boas, refers to the "lenses" through which a person sees their own culture. All other. An error occurred trying to load this video. increasing levels of management. ScholarOn, 10685-B Hazelhurst Dr. # 25977, Houston, TX 77043,USA. Organizations that have a number of standardized procedures, written rules, and clearly delineated structures; Requirement for predictability highlighting the significance of planning; Promotions depending upon age or seniority. This E-mail is already registered as a Premium Member with us. In reaction to Kant, German scholars such as Johann Gottfried Herder (17441803) argued that human creativity, which necessarily takes unpredictable and highly diverse forms, is as important as human rationality. For example, people from collectivistic cultures, such as the Japanese, suppress their positive emotions more than their American counterparts. When used as a count noun, a "culture" is the set of customs, traditions, and values of a society or community, such as an ethnic group or nation. Every country has a unique culture or common heritage that This model assumes a mass production of culture and identifies power as residing with those producing cultural artifacts. Still, in this context, it refers to the replacement of traits of one culture with another, such as what happened to certain Native American tribes and many indigenous peoples across the globe during the process of colonization. Masculine vs. Feminine Cultures: Distinctions & Communication Styles. Expert Answer. is created by a structured educational system. It describes the level of explicit information and the importance of context in a . Which of the following is a benefit of a diverse work environment? Exploring What Liquor is in an Old Fashioned: History, Tips & Secrets of Crafting the Perfect Classic Cocktail, Welcome Your Guests in Style: Entryway Tile Ideas for a Stylish, How to Play Music on Jetson Hoverboard: A Step-by-Step Guide, Exploring Julia Stiles Career as a Dancer: From Beginner to Accomplished Performer, How to pick out the proper payroll software for your enterprise, Security Tips For Every Web Developer Should Follow, Elevate your e-commerce business by enhancing packaging, Top 15 Decentralized Autonomous Organization Companies, 10 Must-Have Skills for Any Web Developer (Latest Guide 2023), Does Chobani Have Live Cultures?

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