O Marital happiness tends to be highest during the first year of marriage. These potential country-level predictors (for example shared values in a culture given or demographic data) are likely to be obtainable from other online sources. We then calculated the proportionality coefficient (Tucker's phi) by comparing factor score loadings of the 8-item scale between the pooled data and each sample's factor score loadings separately. Bull. doi: 10.1177/135910457000100301, Call, V. R., and Heaton, T. B. In other words, they did not find any evidence of increases in marital satisfaction following the . Relat. a. Over the same period, the share of adults who are living with an unmarried partner has risen from 3% to 7%. Elder and colleagues noted that our lives are intertwined with those of our families. (2011). This knowledge should encourage most couples to look to the future with a degree of optimism. Issues 23, 392409. Which statement best describes sibling relationships over the adulthood years? b. increase. Older adults ____. a.play a game of kickball; discuss a breakup. Due to missing data 589 subjects were excluded. Yet, similarly to many other psychological constructs (Henrich et al., 2010), marital satisfaction and its correlates have been investigated almost exclusively in Western countries (e.g., Bradbury, Fincham, & Beach, 2000). Few studies have explicitly examined age effects on reports of marital satisfaction (see Schmitt et al., 2007). a) the larger the family network, the lower the quality of interaction between parent and child. (Citation 2007) found that higher levels of marital quality were positively related both concurrently and . Married couples who voluntarily remain "childfree". Which statement concerning remarriage is true? Based on the presented dataset, scientists can conduct numerous analyses and publish articles concerning various research questions: they can examine cross-cultural differences in marital satisfaction, identifying other country-level predictors of marital satisfaction or use the measures of individualism/collectivism provided in the dataset. a. social exchange The study was conducted according to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. end to show behavioral impacts (e.g., aggression toward peers) and intellectual impacts (e.g., lower IQs). 80-year-old Nick, whose dementia makes her disruptive and who engages in socially inappropriate behavior, Will and Grace are a romantically involved but unmarried couple living together. Introduction. doi: 10.1037/a0023909. d. There were harsh sanctions against premarital sex. Since 1960, the rate of cohabitation has Ther. False Christian, Jewish, Mormon, and Muslim perspectives. a. protection & \textbf{Cosmetics} & \textbf{Grocery} & \textbf{Wholesalers}\\ politics and economics. Table 3. (CORRECT) d . b. gender. One item (Do you love your husband/wife?) had low factor score loadings for several countries (Romania: 0.382; Nigeria: 0.286; Malaysia: 0.247; Kenya: 0.396), so it should be excluded from the further analysis. b. Marriage Fam. b. Relat. J. c. marriage market (CORRECT) Which situation would increase the scarcity of a product? a. b. c. d. marry after a relatively short amount of time Table 2. True doi: 10.1080/019261800261815, Dillon, L. M., and Beechler, M. P. (2010). seldom sees. lower emotional states and lower self-esteem. Marital distress is measured in terms of concrete actions taken by members of the couple in order to end their union. doi: 10.2190/AG.65.4.a, Schumm, W. R., and Bugaighis, M. A. generally experience greater marital satisfaction than couples with children during the childrearing years. a. men and women experience marriage differently. Marital satisfaction and the impact of children in collectivist cultures: a meta-analysis. J. PSYCH CH 11.pdf. Hum. Prenuptial agreements only cover the couple's financial arrangements. False. All over the world, people believe that parenting is the most rewarding part of life. Marital quality over the marital career: alternative explanations. Rates of happiness are highest in the years prior to the birth of the first child. b. varies widely from one state to another. b.marriages tend to crumble due to the build up of negative feelings that accumulate over the years. c. gender roles. Adolescents whose parents divorce are less likely to perceive relationships with their noncustodial fathers as close and caring. He referred to this as leading _____ lives. Exam 2 a. Singles are tied to their mother's apron strings. Frequency of aggression normally rises from infancy to a peak around what ages. Sci. All else being equal, who is likely to feel most satisfied with their marriage? Forms of committed relationships, including formal marriage arrangements between men and women, exist in almost every culture (Bell, 1997). Sylvester is best described as having a _____ style. euphoria. provides for shared responsibility of raising children. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.118.1.3, Kurdek, L. A. . show reduced levels of marital satisfaction. Results of this analysis indicated that KMSS scale was reliable and culturally equivalent (Table 2). The idea of an "empty nest" is best associated with the concept of the. their own. The minimum number of members required in a traditional nuclear family is. b. Which grandparenting style was created in a large part by the increasing geographical difference between grandparents and grandchildren? Marital satisfaction tends to be highest in middle-aged couples. These days a popular pathway to marriage in the U.S. includes 10, 551568. How does religion influence marriage? The awareness of ourselves as male or female and how we express our sexual values, attitudes, feelings, and beliefs is called our (having children; general spending habits) and thus may be better equipped to adjust to a negative financial shock. Marriage and Relationship Questionnaire: MARQ Handbook. Issues 35, 19401958. have inaccurate expectations concerning child development, as a child, Chester was physically abused by his mother. 1 / 40. the family systems approach to understanding family suggests that. a. . Which statement about the impact of divorce on child development is true? The higher the scores, the higher the risk of separation and marital distress. Alley Corporation recently organized. depression over the responsibility of having a grandchild move into their home. the impact on children is worsened if both parents bring children in the reconstituted family, In the US, about 1 in every___children are victims of substantial maltreatment, ____abuse is the most common form of family violence worldwide. 35, 503524. doi: 10.1177/0022022112443854, Rostami, A., Ghazinour, M., Nygren, L., and Richter, J. Which situation would make parenthood especially difficult for a first-time parent? doi: 10.1017/S0140525X0999152X, PubMed Abstract | CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar, Hilpert, P., Randall, A. K., Sorokowski, P., Atkins, D. C., Sorokowska, A., Ahmadi, K., et al. Do women seek humorousness in men because it signals intelligence? His behavior best exemplifies, intergenerational transmission of parenting, It appears that ____can protect a child from the impact of abuse, Children who are victims of physical mistreatment, tend to show behavioral impacts (aggression towards peers) and intellectual impacts (lower IQs). c. cultural norms and values. In general, marital satisfaction tends to a.decrease drastically within six months of the wedding. Marital satisfaction is one of the most important predictors of subjective well-being and health (Diener, Citation 1984; Kamp Dush, Taylor, & Kroeger, Citation 2008).A meta-analysis by Proulx et al. a. marital satisfaction tends to increase after a couple has children b. marital satisfaction is not affected by having children if the marriage was already a good one c. marital satisfaction tends to decrease after the couple has children d. couples who marry . marital is designed to help good relationships become better They are being flooded with natural amphetamines which cause feelings of elation and Behav. Significant life events like the death of a parent can bring close siblings together and push rival siblings apart. Rates of marital satisfaction tend to be higher for African Americans than whites. 39, 109123. a. Final Exam Chapter 16: Developmental Psychopa, Elliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Timothy D. Wilson. Pers. The results indicated that the scale was culturally equivalent (Table 2). With a larger age gap, dating may be fulfilling, but . The nature and predictors of the trajectory of change in marital quality for husbands and wives over the first 10 years of marriage. Grandpa Sylvester loves spending time going to professional wrestling events with his grandson Elmer. the mother is typically named as the primary caregiver of the children. Relig. Specifically, the research teams translated the measures into the native language of the participants, and then had a bilingual person back-translate the measures into English. positive contributions that parenthood made to their personal development. 10+ million students use Quizplus to study and prepare for their homework, quizzes and exams through 20m+ questions in 300k quizzes. Ther. J. Sci. Psychol. Contrary to what many people think, marital quality does not inevitably declineit tends to remain high or even improve over the decades. 2. This phenomenon is All authors listed, have made substantial, direct and intellectual contribution to the work, and approved it for publication. Yet, similarly to many other psychological constructs (Henrich et al., 2010), marital satisfaction and its correlates have been investigated almost exclusively in Western countries (e.g., Bradbury et al., 2000). a. game Participants answered these questions on a 5-point scale, which ranged from 1 (yes) to 5 (no). d. marrying at a young age. a mother & father, their children and the grandparents who live with them. The main reason today that most people get married is to have children. We were highly concerned with our participants' anonymity and sincerity. 25. These factors include relationships with loved ones, fulfillment from work, satisfaction with your physical health, happiness with your romantic life, and contentment with your sense of spirituality or religion. The percentage of marital break-ups was lower for respondents who met their spouse on-line (5.96%) than off-line [7.67%; 2 (1) = 9.95, P < 0.002]. b. but this is true only among those over age 39. One could predict that this variable may differ across cultures as, for example, in arranged marriages relationship satisfaction might be lower in the early stages of a marriage (Xiaohe and Whyte, 1990). Men report being less happily married than women. According to Gottman, a wife's marital satisfaction after the birth of a child directly influences the husband's reaction to the event. Which of the following factors was identified as reducing the negative effects of divorce? These may include for example Schwartz's value orientations (Schwartz, 2006) or Hofstede's culture dimensions (Hofstede, 2001). A majority of high school seniors, both girls and boys, say that having a good marriage and family is not important to them. 1. Schmitt, M., Kliegel, M., and Shapiro, A. \text{Other expenses and losses} & 4,000 & 7,000 & \text{(l)}\\ Marital satisfaction has peaks and valleys during the course of the life cycle. Low sex drive in general is a symptom of low t. Headaches, fatigue, lots of other symptoms. In general, marital satisfaction tends to be the highest during _____. True The current dataset gathers the data about marital satisfaction and its potential correlates from 33 Western and non-Western countries. Pers. recent research has shown that the ______grandparenting style is the most common in the US, In the US, most grandparents prefer a role that is, high in enjoyment and low in responsibility, why have grandparents been referred to as "the family national guard". Int. c. believe people of a different class are less attractive. Which is a commonly cited advantage of the extended family household? b. The more costs a marriage partner inflicts on a person, the less satisfied one generally is with the marriage and with the marriage partner. Love, like friendship, is a process that develops over time. c. Marital satisfaction tends to decrease after the couple has children. c. level off. How is marital satisfaction typically associated with the entry of the first child into a family and the exit of the last child from the family? We also analyzed the reliability of each scale of marital satisfaction (Table 1), and we conducted an exploratory factor analysis in each sample for the MRQ scale. what best describes siblings relationships over the adulthood years? Why might many women in their middle years experience a marriage squeeze? J. Marr. 2003-2023 Chegg Inc. All rights reserved. c. is fairly similar around the world. Recent research has shown that the _____ grandparenting style is the most common in the United States. Psychol. Front. Using the speaker-listener technique, whoever is currently holding the floor is the listener. The basic nature of marital satisfaction as well as its relationship with other family variables remains obscure. Most people date and marry within their social class because they O High-quality marital interactions have little to do with marital satisfaction. doi: 10.1300/J002v38n01_07, Onyishi, E. I., Sorokowski, P., Sorokowska, A., and Pipitone, R. N. (2012). HDFS 202 most children and adolescents who engage in antisocial behavior . 65, 574583. The possible answers in this scale were the same as in its original version (House et al., 1999). Collectivistic and individualistic cultures have different cultural norms, values, and familial obligations (Hofstede, 2001). In general, marital satisfaction tends to increase after a couple has children. The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. Research has shown that _____ is most likely to facilitate a positive adjustment to divorce. c. heroically. developed in the 20th century as people began to live longer and have fewer children. couples who engage in cohabitation before marriage tend to. J. Marr. The associations of dyadic coping and relationship satisfaction vary between and within Nations: a 35-Nation Study. In many Asian collectivist cultures, who is typically the first in line to care for an elderly individual? True Our research shows that positive outcomes for couples in long-term marriages are the norm. b. 36, 382392. In They also tested whether gender might moderate the association and found that in some nations the association is higher for men and in other nations it is higher for women. Despite the . Ida, who is single and cares for her 85-year-old mother who is suffering from dementia and does not want any help. what has changed in the nature of Amercan families? *Correspondence: Piotr Sorokowski, sorokowskipiotr@yahoo.co.uk, https://figshare.com/s/d2bd33a9605a3a204881, Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). . Select one: a. a. Bernard, J. Research on marital satisfaction has shown that. As a "remote" grandparent, Lilo_____her grandson Stitch. The involved grandparent would be best characterized as. Sample questions from this scale are: In this society, parents take pride in the individual accomplishments of their children, In this society, aging parents generally live at home with their children. Participants answered this sentence on a 7-point scale (from 1strongly agree to 7strongly disagree). Professor Leonard Riskin in his floor breake article posits that there are four main mediator types. b. Job satisfaction is related to general life satisfaction, although there has been limited research on how the two influence each other or whether personality and cultural factors affect both job and general life satisfaction. Western societies, the single greatest attraction of marriage is \text{Gross profit} & \text{(b)} & 38,000 & 24,000\\ sexual attraction. Most couples enter the marriage together with optimistic hopes about their spouse and their future. d. exogamy. b. It is most likely that. Why have grandparents been referred to as "the family national guard"? He referred to this as leading _____ lives., The family systems approach to understanding families suggests that, Before the family systems perspective, the major focus of developmentalists who studied the family was on _____ relationships. Research on the nature and determinants of marital satisfaction: a decade in review. a. According to research, people are brought together by Men report being less happily married than women. According to Sternberg, the mix of intimacy, passion, and commitment can vary from one relationship to another. . Some researchers claim that married people are healthier than their unmarried counterparts because healthy 8. people are attracted to other healthy people and are more desirable marriage partners. (2014). When interviewed about the impact of parenthood on their lives, most parents emphasize the. 8:1199. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01199. SalesrevenueSalesreturnsandallowancesNetsalesCostofgoodssoldGrossprofitOperatingexpensesIncomefromoperationsOtherexpensesandlossesNetincomeHardyCosmetics$90,000(a)86,00056,000(b)15,000(c)4,000(d)YeeGrocery$(e)5,00095,000(f)38,000(g)(h)7,00011,000WangWholesalers$122,00012,000(i)(j)24,00018,000(k)(l)5,000. Res. Which best exemplifies the concept of coparenting? Positive associations between religiosity and marital satisfaction have been found across different religious groups, such as Christians, Jewish, Mormons, and Muslims (Marks, 2005). b. Soc. According to the U.S. Census, the percent of childless American women (ages 15-44) increased a staggering amount in just two generations: from 35 percent in 1976 to 47 percent in 2010. This study was conducted to evaluate the levels of marital satisfaction and its related factors among older. The traditional nuclear family consists of. After that, any benefits of the program. Marital stability and marital satisfaction tends to be higher for those with a college education or higher. According to the family lifecycle approach, the initial stage of the family cycle involves a. When both parents act as a single team when childrearing, _______is taking place. a. 38, 237253. 2020-2023 Quizplus LLC. The Future of Marriage. Patterns of change in marital satisfaction over the newlywed years. The company issued common stock to an inventor in exchange for a patent with a market value of $56,000. d. conflict, The likelihood of marriage increases with educational attainment. c. but there's little evidence to support such claims - instead, in the US people breakup or doi: 10.2307/352936, Keywords: marital satisfaction, cross-cultural research, relationships, Religion and Psychology, family studies, Citation: Sorokowski P, Randall AK, Groyecka A, Frackowiak T, Cantarero K, Hilpert P, Ahmadi K, Alghraibeh AM, Aryeetey R, Bertoni A, Bettache K, Baejewska M, Bodenmann G, Bortolini TS, Bosc C, Butovskaya M, Castro FN, Cetinkaya H, Cunha D, David D, David OA, Espinosa ACD, Donato S, Dronova D, Dural S, Fisher M, Akkaya AH, Hamamura T, Hansen K, Hattori WT, Hromatko I, Gulbetekin E, Iafrate R, James B, Jiang F, Kimamo CO, Ko F, Krasnodbska A, Laar A, Lopes FA, Martinez R, Mesko N, Molodovskaya N, Qezeli KM, Motahari Z, Natividade JC, Ntayi J, Ojedokun O, Omar-Fauzee MSB, Onyishi IE, zener B, Paluszak A, Portugal A, Realo A, Relvas AP, Rizwan M, Sabiniewicz AL, Salkievi S, Sarmny-Schuller I, Stamkou E, Stoyanova S, ukolov D, Sutresna N, Tadinac M, Teras A, Ponciano ELT, Tripathi R, Tripathi N, Tripathi M, Yamamoto ME, Yoo G and Sorokowska A (2017) Marital Satisfaction, Sex, Age, Marriage Duration, Religion, Number of Children, Economic Status, Education, and Collectivistic Values: Data from 33 Countries. In many Asian collectivist cultures, who is typically the first in line to care for an elderly individual? (2007). According to Reiss's wheel theory of love, the wheel doi: 10.1177/0192513X13483292. high in enjoyment and low in responsibility. We recoded the answers so that a higher number indicated higher collectivism. c. Marital happiness decreases when couples experience poverty, job loss, and financial problems. All subjects gave written informed consent in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. a. d. to get away from the family of origin. One previously published study has been based on the presented dataset. in marital satisfaction varies from one study to another. PS and AS coordinated the project. Which statement concerning the childrearing family is true? Low income or material hardship is associated with a serious threat to marital quality and stability (Lichter and Carmalt, 2009). Fathers are more likely to engage in "playful interactions" (tickling, bouncing) with their children, _______who are supportive contribute to better cognitive, social, and emotional development in their children, Julie wants special permission to stay out on a date past her normal curfew. Experts are tested by Chegg as specialists in their subject area. d. Singles are well-off financially. In the United States, the most common form of mistreatment involves. Pers. Whereas higher levels of negative marital processes are correlated with poorer psychological . He has now begun to physically abuse his daughter. In general, participants were not compensated for their participation, however participants in Hong Kong were compensated 50 Hong Kong dollars. Some present data show marital satisfaction either reaching a plateau after the birth of the first child or declining (Blood and Wolfe, 1960; Pineo, 1961; Luckey, 1966). Rene, a young, unemployed single woman with four children. Fam. Int. c. Reproductive sex became emphasized to the exclusion of recreational sex. Psychol. importance of marital satisfaction, robust findings indicate that marital satisfaction tends to decline over time across a diverse set of measures (Umberson, Williams, Powers, Chen, & Campbell, 2005). No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. significant life events like the death of a parent can bring close siblings together and push rival siblings apart, the switch from parent as caregiver to child as caregiver best describes, the "middle generational squeeze" refers to, middle-aged adults who find themselves simultaneoulsy caring for both younger and older generations. d.talk about girls; just spend time together. doi: 10.1086/204606. In general , marital satisfaction tends to. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). Which of the following is an accurate statement concerning American's self-reports of marital happiness? Research . In terms of age, American men typically marry women. Beginning families b. Which of the following was a characteristic of the sexual revolution? men and women. Couples who engage in cohabitation before marriage tend to. The time that partners have spent together has been shown to correlate with marital satisfaction (Kurdek, 1999; Lavner and Bradbury, 2010). \text{Net income} & \text{(d)} & 11,000 & 5,000\\ 25. Dev. It is most likely that, early on, Fergie (custodial mother) will be more _____ and Andrew (non-custodial father) will be more _____ with the children. referred to as the __________ effect b. b.share a dark secret; talk about his parents. Fam. tend to have more egalitarian relationships than married heterosexuals. Psychol. b. Hispanic and African-American elders enjoy more supportive relationships with their children than European-American elders. a. Husbands and wives can share economic and child rearing responsibilities. Families with young children c. Families in the middle years d. Aging families. Gender and marital satisfaction: data from the National Survey of Families and Households. They do not want to marry a man who cannot support himself economically. what combination has the highest risk for abuse? This suggests that some culture-dependent factors may influence the association between marital satisfaction and the number of children. c. increased steadily. Martha will feel like the marriage has become more equitable. HDFS 202 How do most modern theorists react to the notion of sequential phases of a traditional family life cycle? Participants answered this questions on a 7-point scale, which ranged from 1 (very dissatisfied) to 7 (very satisfied). From the biological perspective, which of the following is the reason that lovers may feel "high" or as if they are being swept away? b. Singles are selfish and self-centered. The psychological distress associated with providing assistance for someone with a cognitive or physical impairment is called. In b. J. Evol. The longitudinal course of marital quality and stability: a review of theory, methods, and research. c. emotional The first year after Lilah was born was a bumpy one for Ben and Taylor. c.divorce is . doi: 10.1111/j.1741-3737.2010.00757.x, Lee, G., and Shehan, C. L. (1989). In the United States, approximately _____ of adults marry at some point in their lives. The scale contains 3 questions: How satisfied are you with your marriage?; How satisfied are you with your wife/husband as a spouse?; How satisfied are you with your relationship with your wife/husband?. There are versions of the PREPARE/ENRICH Inventory for ______________. 1). A. more children today have relationships with their grandparents than in generations past. 38, 85111. J. Fam. Booth, & Rogers, 2003). d. selection (CORRECT), Which of the following is an accurate statement? a. b. c. d. Secondly, our sample might not be fully representative of the participating countries, as data was collected in particular sites. In general, utilitarian marriages tend to be more stable than intrinsic ones. problems. d. gauntlet. Rep. 83, 319327. The criteria of a satisfying marriage may vary greatly based on one's larger cultural context, specifically on whether the culture primarily identifies as a collectivistic or an individualistic one (Dillon and Beechler, 2010). Which of the following is NOT a benefit of traditional gender roles? d.increase steadily over the first two to three years of marriage. Which is following best describes the type of attention where individuals must tune out irrelevant . a. homogamy. Aladdin and Jasmine are about to experience a "boomerang effect" with their children. Received: 17 March 2017; Accepted: 30 June 2017; Published: 21 July 2017. True False10 points QUESTION 2Generally, PREP tends only to affect marital satisfaction for the first 18 months of marriage. Provides for shared responsibility for raising children. According to lecture, time out should be used in place of physical punishment. recent research has shown that the _____grandparenting style is the most common in the US. Machismo and marital satisfaction in Mexican American couples. Morticia is more likely than her mother was to work outside of the home. Gender has long been identified in the literature as a predictor of marital satisfaction (Bernard, 1972).

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