Gatsby isn't just some golden boy who made his millions honestly. Please wait while we process your payment. Nick meets Gatsby's father, Henry C. Gatz, a "solemn" and "helpless" old man who believed his son had a bright future. Nolan, Rachel ed. Nicks belief is that Gatsby wants to hold a large funeral, so he will invite a large number of people to attend. Although she moved to the east coast from somewhere in the Midwest, she has quickly risen among the social ranks to become a famous golfera sport played mainly among the wealthy. While serving in the Army in World War I, Gatsby met Daisy Fay (now Daisy Buchanan) and fell passionately in love with her. Nick Carraway Character Traits Nick has come to New York for business and decides to stay in the suburbs of Long Island near his cousin, Daisy. The emptiness of life, according to Fitzgerald, was detailed in his short story The Last Tycoon. He discusses how humans are only interested in themselves and their own desires. Daisy was partially based on F. Scott Fitzgeralds wife Zelda. Let's take a closer look at some of these characters now. He plants the seed in Georges head that Myrtle was murdered. on 50-99 accounts. (2016, August 25). Chrissy has taught secondary English and history and writes online curriculum. Daisy's longtime friend, Jordan Baker is a professional golfer who cheated in order to win her first tournament. The Question and Answer section for The Great Gatsby is a great I highly recommend you use this site! In this regard, Nick receives a book from Gatsbys father that Daisy gave him a few years ago. Therefore, any attempt at progress is the result of hubris and outsized ambition. Find related themes, quotes, symbols, characters, and more. Daisys future had always vanished into the distance for Gatsby, despite his hopes for a happy future with her. (one code per order). He sprawls out on the beach behind Gatsbys house and looks up. Gatz's appearance confirms that Gatsby rose from humble beginnings to achieve the American Dream. 1 May 2023. Ewing is Gatsby's frequent guest who leeches off the rich man's wealth. Mr. Carraway, whose first name is not provided, is Nick's father; he gives Nick sage advice about how to treat people. He mentored Gatsby when he was a young man and gave him a taste of elite society. When Nick ends their affair, she suddenly claims to be engaged to another man. They immediately busy themselves with spreading grotesquely exaggerated stories about his murder, his life, and his relationships. Hendry Gatz is the father of Jay Gatsby, the protagonist of The Great Gatsby. Despite not knowing much about his son's journey to attain wealth, Henry tells Nick that Jay was a generous man and even bought him a home. There is no one definitive answer to this question. Dont have an account? Gatsbys failure suggests that it may be impossible for one to disown ones past so completely. Nick also discovers old books that Gatsby had taken from. Every Saturday, his garish Gothic mansion in West Egg serves as the site of extravagant parties. The Great Gatsby Characters List Great Gatsby Character Analysis, The Great Gatsby Main Characters Introduction. Gatz?" The Midwest, he thinks, seems dreary and pedestrian compared to the excitement of the East, but the East is merely a glittering surfaceit lacks the moral center of the Midwest. Gatz shows Nick a book in which the young Gatsby kept a self-improvement schedule; nearly every minute of his day was meticulously planned. As a member, you'll also get unlimited access to over 88,000 98 lessons My students love how organized the handouts are and enjoy tracking the themes as a class., Requesting a new guide requires a free LitCharts account. He believes his son is capable of achieving greatness in the future. (including. Nick was also told by Gatz that Gatsby was very upset about his death. While Owl Eyes may seem like a ridiculous man, he's one of the few people who questions Gatsby's existence. Michaelis appears toward the end of The Great Gatsby. What does this tell you about Nicks personality? Use up and down arrows to review and enter to select. Henry Gatz's arrival is significant for several reasons. Though he is honest, responsible, and fair-minded, Nick does share some of the flaws of the East Egg milieu. Educators go through a rigorous application process, and every answer they submit is reviewed by our in-house editorial team. Gatsby, for all his greatness, failed to realize that the American Dream was already dead when he began to dream it: his goals, the pursuit of wealth and status, had long since become empty and meaningless. Nick meets with Jordan Baker, who recalls their conversation about how bad drivers are only dangerous when two of them meet. In chapter 9, Nick makes arrangements for Jay Gatsby's funeral and is disappointed to learn that none of Gatsby's former friends and acquaintances are in attendance. Michaelis Character Traits Neighbor to George and Myrtle Wilson. Nick muses that, in some ways, this story is a story of the West, even though it has taken place entirely on the East Coast. After reading about Jays death in a Chicago newspaper, Henry informs Nick that he had learned of it when he arrived in New York. Gatz shows Nick a book in which the young Gatsby kept a self-improvement schedule; nearly every minute of his day was meticulously planned. Historical Context Essay: The Great Gatsby and the Jazz Age, Literary Context Essay: Modernism & Realism in The Great Gatsby. The notes, which are typically kept in a pencil, include a schedule that outlines an early wake-up, exercise, study, and work schedule. What connection, Latest answer posted December 21, 2019 at 1:34:16 AM. Tom is completely blind to the emptiness of his old money world. Gatsbys father has pride in what his son has accomplished in his life, according to Nick, who describes him as a proud man. There isnt much of a turnout at Gatsbys funeral, which is to be expected. 2023 eNotes.com, Inc. All Rights Reserved, The Great Gatsby, Critical Edition (Critical Survey of Contemporary Fiction), The Great Gatsby (Critical Survey of Contemporary Fiction). Renews May 7, 2023 He rents a house next door to Gatsby. Not only is he a gambler, ''he's the man who fixed the World's Series back in 1919,'' a direct reference to the famous Jewish American gangster, Arnold Rothstein, who is believed to have done the same in 1919. henry gatz attends gatsby's funeral michaelis coffee shop owner meyer wolfsheim fixed the 1919 world series george wilson myrtle's husband jordan baker sportswoman world war I the story takes place soon after on long island most of the setting of the story mid-west all of the main characters are originally from to try and find daisy Yet in the process he left behind his father, who truly loves him. Feeling that Gatsby would not want to go through a funeral alone, Nick tries to hold a large funeral for him, but all of Gatsbys former friends and acquaintances either have disappearedTom and Daisy, for instance, move away with no forwarding addressor refuse to come, like Meyer Wolfsheim and Klipspringer. However, he dropped out two years later and decided to make a name for himself. In either case, it is clear that Gatsby is a complex and enigmatic figure, and readers are likely to continue debating his true nature long after they finish the novel. Nick firmly believes that the past determines who we are: he suggests that he, and all the novel's characters, are fundamentally Westerners, and thus intrinsically unsuited to life in the East. He is devastated by Myrtle's affair with Tom. According to Nick, Gatsbys hopes for the future were never realized because they did not relate to their existence. Obviously his connection with his son was of value to him, but for some reason it seems as if of late there has been great distance between the two. This is what I read in the Chicago Tribune. on 2-49 accounts, Save 30% Writing two years after Gatsbys death, Nick describes the events that surrounded the funeral. They're like having in-class notes for every discussion!, This is absolutely THE best teacher resource I have ever purchased. Refine any search. Some people may read The Great Gatsby and come away with a strong sense of understanding and appreciation for the titular character, while others may find themselves perplexed by his actions and motivations. America, according to Fitzgerald, was founded on the ideals of progress and equality. In the end, he believes Wilson was the real murderer and Gatsby was never truly innocent. In this way, more pathos is created for Gatsby who had dared to aspire to such heights only to be brought down by the sadly mistaken grieving husband, George Wilson. PDF downloads of all 1725 LitCharts literature guides, and of every new one we publish. Owl Eyes asks important questions about the host, while Klipspringer blindly accepts Gatsby's generosity. What prompted Gatsby to tell Nick "the strange story of his youth"? The Great Gatsby represents Nicks struggle to integrate his own sense of the importance of the past with the freedom from the past envisioned by Gatsby. Nick Carraway mentions that Gatsby's father viewed his son's home in amazement and believed that James could have become one of America's most prominent men. The American Dream had long involved people moving west, to find work and opportunity. Nick described Henry Gatz as having "reached an age where death no longer has the quality of ghastly surprise." What Nick means by this is that Henry . Nick muses that contemporary Americans are "boats against the current, borne back ceaselessly into the past"; any attempt to progress, to move forward, is ultimately futile. Our summaries and analyses are written by experts, and your questions are answered by real teachers. Definitions and examples of 136 literary terms and devices. Nick receives a telegram from Henry Gatz requesting that Jays funeral be postponed. In any event, he cannot be proud of what his son has done or owned. After a fight with her husband, she runs out into the street and is hit and killed by Gatsby's car. Staring at the moon on his last night in West Egg, Nick imagines a primeval America, an America made for dreamers like Gatsby. Try refreshing the page, or contact customer support. It is important to note that James Gatz was a humble man from a poor family, who transformed himself into. These papers were written primarily by students and provide critical analysis of The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald. All rights reserved. The Great Gatsby is filled with numerous characters, both big and small. In The Great Gatsby, what is the significance of Mr.Gatz's arrival? His mother Snia Gontijo is of Spanish and Native Brazilian descent, and his father Admar Gonzaga is Italian-Portuguese. Discount, Discount Code Henrique Zaga was born in Braslia, Brazil's capital city. However, Owl Eyes notices things that others do not and is the only person to show up for Gatsbys funeral. Ross, Jeremy. Nashville Scholars of the Three Pipe Problem | Nashville, TN, The Great Gatsby: A Story Of Jay Gatsby A Wealthy Man From San Francisco, Kants Moral Philosophy: The Categorical Imperative. In death, Gatsby is just as he was in life: little more than a rumor spread by Roaring Twenties "new money" socialites. Fifty Shades Of Grey: Will The Movie Live Up To The Hype? Pammy Buchanan Daisy and Tom Buchanan's young daughter. Central Idea Essay: What Does the Green Light Mean? He was the son of a poor farmer from North Dakota. Despite his failures, he stands out as an example of the potential of the Gatsby. Henry C. Gatz "He had reached an age where death no longer has the quality of ghastly surprise, and when he looked around him now for the first time and saw the height and splendour of the hall and the great rooms opening out from it into other rooms, his grief began to be mixed with an awed pride" (Fitzgerald 168). Tom is prone to using threats and violence to get his way and his controlling nature is tolerated because of his wealth. However, of all the novel's characters, he is the only one to recognize Gatsby's "greatness," revealing himself as a young man of unusual sensitivity. Course Hero. By entering your email address you agree to receive emails from SparkNotes and verify that you are over the age of 13. Nick thought his relationship with Jordan was superficial. The lack of attendance at his funeral was demonstrated by the lack of mourners. Meyer is Gatsby's unscrupulous business partner; a member of the mob. Except for Nicks owl-eyed glasses man who had met him at one of Gatsbys parties, no one else attended the funeral. Web. Detailed explanations, analysis, and citation info for every important quote on LitCharts. Mr. Gatz is proud of his sons accomplishments and success in the world of wealthy individuals. (including. Why Your Boyfriend Wont See Fifty Shades Of Grey, Fifty Shades Of Grey: The Culture-Shaping Romance Novel By E L James. Despite his status as a well-known author, there was no one who cared about him. Nick, a journalist, comes across Gatsbys body in the pool at a book festival in West Egg as he was attending a book festival in the year 1900. This, coupled with his love of Daisy, inspired Gatsby to devote his life to the acquisition of wealth. He then shows Nick his son's "General Resolves" on the back cover of a HopalongCassidy book. Henry C. Gatz (158) "It was Gatsby's father, a solemn old man, very helpless and dismayed, bundled up in a long cheap cluster against the warm september day" Gatsby's father represents a connection to the true James Gatz, which we do not see when Gatsby is alive. Author. Course Hero, "The Great Gatsby Study Guide," August 25, 2016, accessed May 1, 2023, https://www.coursehero.com/lit/The-Great-Gatsby/. What two emotions are pulling at Mr. Gatz in chapter 9 of The Great Gatsby? The telephone conversations mirror each other: No one wants to attend the funeral: Hopelessness for anyone attending Gatsby's funeral. Tom is strong and aggressive and treats others terribly, including the women in his life. Nick says they were close friends. Glamor or Glamour Whats the Difference. Owl Eyes Character Traits Owl eyes is a symbol of wisdom and perception. While Gatsby pursued the American Dream, he failed to develop meaningful relationships, which is why his father is the only genuine person, except for Nick, attending his funeral. Sometimes it can end up there. Nicks values, so strongly rooted in the past, give him the ability to make sense out of everything in the novel except for Gatsby. Creating notes and highlights requires a free LitCharts account. Gonzaga later appeared in the Netflix film XOXO, and the series 13 Reasons Why.. His meticulous notes about Gatsby serve to intensify the vicariousness of Nicks relationship with the mysterious Gatsby. How Old Is Jay Gatsby? Gatsby is an enigma to Nick. Sick of the East and its empty values, Nick decides to move back to the Midwest. There is another significance to the fact that all of the major characters are Westerners, however. Why does Tom insist on switching cars with Gatsby when they go to the city? Daisy is Nick's cousin, Tom's wife, and the woman that Gatsby loves. PDFs of modern translations of every Shakespeare play and poem. It is important to note that the Buchanans lived in East Egg, and Gatsby in West Egg; therefore, in gazing at the green light on Daisy's dock, Gatsby was looking East. Teach your students to analyze literature like LitCharts does. "Who is Mr. Home Literature Explained Literary Synopses and Book Summaries The Great Gatsby The Great Gatsby Characters List Great Gatsby Character Analysis. As he looks at his sons accomplishments, he is overwhelmed. Want 100 or more? Actor: The New Mutants. henry gatz was a close friend of Nick's, and helped with the funeral false wolfshiem said he could not get mixed up in Gatsby's death true klipspringer called to find out if he had left his tennis racket behind false about half of Gatsby's former party guests came to pay their respects false Students also viewed great gatsby 50 terms lizbeth_ramos2 A notorious underworld figure, Wolfsheim is a business associate of Gatsby. Teach your students to analyze literature like LitCharts does. In context, this refers to the fact that Tom's wife and mistress were both compliant in their roles in his life. to start your free trial of SparkNotes Plus. He is the ultimate illusionappearing aloof and indifferent on the outside, which hides his unstable, temperamental, and impulsive nature. By claiming to have raised Gatsby up from nothing, Wolfsheim essentially claims that money is everything, since all he did was help Gatsby make it. Copyright 1999 - 2023 GradeSaver LLC. Continue to start your free trial. $24.99 Here, Nick reveals Gatsby's lifelong quest to transcend his past as ultimately futile. Tom is a vicious bully, physically menacing both his wife and his mistress. Thanks for creating a SparkNotes account! Tom Buchanan Character Traits Tom is Daisys husbandthe man she married rather than keeping her promise to wait for Gatsby when he left for the war. eNotes.com will help you with any book or any question. Refine any search. Throughout the novel, Nicks judgments of the other characters are based on the values that he inherited from his father, the moral privileges that he refers to in the opening pages. 1 / 12. Michaelis, who is identified by first name only, is George's kind neighbor who tries to comfort George after Myrtle is killed. Tom admits that it was he who sent Wilson to Gatsby's; he shows no remorse, however, and says that Gatsby deserved to die. He attended St Olaf's College, which was not a lie. | Nick envisions their struggles to create that future as boats moving in a body of water against a current that inevitably carries them back into the past. Through Gatsby, the reader comes to learn that Meyer Wolfsheim is a gambler. In The Great Gatsby, on what page does the quote "he half expected her to wander into one of his parties" appear? What does Gatsby's response tell us about his social sensitivity? The America envisioned by its founders was a land made for men like Gatsby: it was intended as a place where visionary dreamers could thrive. But now Nick seems to see such searching after wealth and status in the east as corrupt and deadening, as people returning to their past only to find ghosts. Henry Gatz says he was immediately struck by the news that his son, Jeremy, had died. She is always dressed like her mother and represents the . This is a well-known theme in the writings of Fitzgerald. Wolfsheim gives the reader a peek behind the velvet curtain of Gatsby's life. Create your account. Gatz shows Nick a book in which the young Gatsby kept a self-improvement schedule; nearly every minute of his day was meticulously planned. I feel like its a lifeline. If you don't see it, please check your spam folder. Word Count: 49. resource to ask questions, find answers, and discuss thenovel. Who is Henry C. Gatz? Catherine's neighbors. Mr. Gatz also shows Nick a picture of Gatsby's mansion that his son gave him and mentions that James bought him a home in the Midwest. Purchasing copyright 2003-2023 Study.com. Myrtle Wilson is a lower-class woman who experiences the elite life through her affair with Tom. Gatsby's father arrives to attend Gatsby's funeral. Mr. Gatz, for his part, thought Gatsby was destined for greatness. He is jealous and will do anything to maintain control of a situation. Career. Dan is a mentor to James Gatz, later known as Jay Gatsby. She is bored and restless and hides from problems behind her and her husbands money. Start your 48-hour free trial to get access to more than 30,000 additional guides and more than 350,000 Homework Help questions answered by our experts. Meanwhile, Gatsby limits himself to one singular love, Daisy Buchanan, and does not drink alcohol. It was at times difficult to understand each other on a deep level. He breaks off his relationship with Jordan, who suddenly claims that she has become engaged to another man. Hendry Gatz is the father of Jay Gatsby, the protagonist of The Great Gatsby. However, she will not leave her husband, which drives Gatsby to his downfall. Cody met Gatsby on Lake Superior, and for five years the two traveled the world together. Ewing Klipspringer Description Who is Klipspringer? Henrique Zaga gained recognition early in his career, when he was cast as Josh Diaz in the MTV series Teen Wolf. Instant PDF downloads. For the next 7 days, you'll have access to awesome PLUS stuff like AP English test prep, No Fear Shakespeare translations and audio, a note-taking tool, personalized dashboard, & much more! Henry C. Gatz, also referred to as Mr. Gatz, is Jay Gatsby 's biological father. However, Daisy tends to be pessimistic and fickle and difficult to please. From the creators of SparkNotes, something better. Gatsby represents the theatrical and restless nature of a man who will risk everything for love. 2023 eNotes.com, Inc. All Rights Reserved, The Great Gatsby, Critical Edition (Critical Survey of Contemporary Fiction), The Great Gatsby (Critical Survey of Contemporary Fiction). eNotes Editorial, 14 Dec. 2017, https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/what-significance-mr-gatz-arrival-chapter-9-192009. He even sees himself as a victim for losing Myrtle, his mistress. Many, like Tom and Daisy Buchanan, have simply skipped town, while others, including Meyer Wolfsheim and Kilpspringer, flatly refuse to attend the funeral. He is unaware of his son's wealth and lifestyle and is shocked when he learns about it. Gatsby's father; his son's help is the only thing that saves him from poverty. Daisy Buchanan, Jays dream partner, is also notable as she is absent from the show. Ewing is Gatsby's frequent guest who leeches off the rich man's wealth. His entire fortune was all created just to impress her. Plus, get practice tests, quizzes, and personalized coaching to help you Klipspringer & Owl Eyes in The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald | Roles & Analysis, Characters in The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald | Character List & Analysis, Tone in The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald | Overview & Quotes, Meyer Wolfsheim in The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald | Summary, Character Analysis & Quotes, Conflict in The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald | Internal & External Conflicts, The Impending Crisis of the South by Hinton Helper | Summary & Impact, Dan Cody in The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald | Quotes, Character & Analysis, Myrtle Wilson in The Great Gatsby | Character Traits & Quotes, Literary Devices in The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald | Examples & Analysis, George Wilson in The Great Gatsby | Quotes & Character Analysis, F. Scott Fitzgerald | Education, Biography & Works, Materialism in The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald | Quotes & Examples, Jordan Baker in The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald | Quotes, Traits & Analysis, Fashion in The Great Gatsby | Clothing, Outfits & Style, Motifs in The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald | Summary & Analysis, Metaphors in The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald | Examples & Analysis, EPT: CSU English Language Arts Placement Exam, ILTS English Language Arts (207): Test Practice and Study Guide, CLEP American Literature: Study Guide & Test Prep Course, College English Composition: Help and Review, 12th Grade English: Homework Help Resource, 11th Grade English: Homework Help Resource, 9th Grade English: Homework Help Resource, AP English Language: Homework Help Resource, Create an account to start this course today. Mr. Gatz, far from being upset by his sons death, is overjoyed with his sons success. Best summary PDF, themes, and quotes. He was helpless and dismayed when he arrived at his sons funeral. Detailed explanations, analysis, and citation info for every important quote on LitCharts. Jay Gatsby is an affluent businessman who uses his mysterious wealth to throw extravagant parties. Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site. Accessed May 1, 2023. https://www.coursehero.com/lit/The-Great-Gatsby/. Mr. Gatz was a solemn old man very helpless and dismayed, bundled up in a long cheap ulster against the warm September day (p. 175). The lady then invites Gatsby to come to dinner with them. My students love how organized the handouts are and enjoy tracking the themes as a class., Requesting a new guide requires a free LitCharts account. Tom and Daisy, like other members of the upper class, have betrayed Americas democratic ideals by perpetuating a rigid class structure that excludes newcomers from its upper reaches, much like the feudal aristocracy that America had left behind. Read important quotes by and about Tom Buchanan. Meyer Wolfsheim Character Traits Wolfsheim is a friend of Gatsbys who is a prominent figure in organized crime. Outwardly, Wolfsheim is a repellent person who makes Nick Carraway uneasy; after all, he wears cufflinks made from human molars! Get unlimited access to over 88,000 lessons. Who is the Main Character in the Great Gatsby? What quotein chapter 8 of The Great Gatsby explains why Daisy married Tom instead of waiting for Gatsby? It is interesting that the last name of Gatsbys father is different from Gatsbys. Gatsby is an enigma to Nick. The fact that Gatsby's father is the only person who genuinely cares about him enough to attend his funeral illuminates Gatsby's vain pursuit of wealth. Second, Catherine provides the reader with insight into the inner workings of Myrtle and Tom's affair by claiming, ''Neither of them can stand the person they're married to.''. In The Great Gatsby, how is Gatsby's funeral scene a contrast to the party scenes presented earlier in the novel? Gatz tells Nick that if Gatsby had lived longer, he might have been even smarter. Jordan Baker Character Traits Jordan is Nicks love interest while he is in New York. He excitedly paces in the hall, no longer appearing upset by death but proud of his son. Nick sees Gatsby as symbolic of everyone in America, each with his or her own great dream. Instant PDF downloads. In chapter 9 of The Great Gatsby, what is the irony of Mr. Gatz's comment about James Hill? She has been having a long-term affair with Tom Buchanan, and is very jealous of his wife, Daisy. She is a famous golfer but is from more modest means. Every Saturday, his garish Gothic mansion in West Egg serves as the site of extravagant parties. This answer is one of thousands. Nick thinks of America not just as a nation but as a geographical entity, land with distinct regions embodying contrasting sets of values. Despite the fact that there is no clear evidence that Gatsby was killed by Wilson, the author leaves the reader with the impression that Wilson was the murderer. Henry Gatz was an old man with a sparse beard who seemed very weak. He is deeply involved in organized crime, and even claims credit for fixing the 1919 World Series. Nolan, Rachel ed. Owl Eyes is one of the many partygoers who frequents Gatsby's home on the weekends. Nick, too, it appears, was corrupted by the East. Owl Eyes' appearance at the funeral suggests that Gatsby, like the novels Owl Eyes admired, was a mere ornament. This should signal to readers that making the most of moments in life with those we care for is of utmost importance. Nick reflects that Tom and Daisy are capable only of cruelty and destruction; they are kept safe from the consequences of their actions by their fortress of wealth and privilege. He is a humble man who lives in North Dakota and works as a farmer. When they left town, they never came to the funeral and could not be reached. Later, Henry recounts how his son lived and shows Nick a book with Jays schedule on the back. She shares a loveless marriage with George Wilson, a man who runs a shabby garage. Our, "Sooo much more helpful thanSparkNotes. Despite this, he had been content. What connection, Latest answer posted December 21, 2019 at 1:34:16 AM. Gatsbys father, Henry Gatz, was deeply impressed by him. In chapter 9, Nick makes arrangements for Jay Gatsby 's funeral and is disappointed to learn that none of Gatsby's former friends and acquaintances are in attendance. Gatsby, both while he is alive and after his death, poses an insoluble challenge to Nick's customary ways of thinking about the world. Accessed 1 May 2023. Who are the experts?Our certified Educators are real professors, teachers, and scholars who use their academic expertise to tackle your toughest questions.

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